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Madura Sultanate, Fakhr-ud-din Mubarak Shah (AH 760-770 /1358-1368 AD),&nbsp;No Mint, Gold Tanka,&nbsp;AH 761,&nbsp;Complete flan, Obv: Arabic legend “al-wathiq bifazl Allah, Barguzida-e-Elah, Fakhr Shah-e-Shahan&nbsp;(One who trust in the excellence of Allah, the elect of God. Fakhr the king of kings)", Rev: Arabic legend “Mubarak Shah Shah-e-jahan&nbsp;(Mubarak Shah, the king of the world)" within a&nbsp;center, “darab hada al-sikka sana Ahdi sittin wa sabamaya (=761)”&nbsp;Hijri year in Arabic words at the margin, 10.86g 26.35mm, (Unpublished), test mark, struck in high relief, choice extremely fine,&nbsp;Unique.<o:p></o:p>

Note: This remarkable gold coin, dated&nbsp;AH 761 (1359 CE), represents the only known gold issue of&nbsp;Fakhr ud-din Mubarak Shah, the penultimate ruler of the short-lived&nbsp;Madura Sultanate&nbsp;in Tamil Nadu (r. AH 760–771 / 1358–1368 CE). Its early date suggests that it was likely struck soon after his coronation, marking an important ceremonial or commemorative issue. No other gold coins of this ruler are recorded, making this&nbsp;a newly discovered and unique piece of exceptional importance in Indian numismatics. <o:p></o:p>The reign of Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah coincided with the&nbsp;final phase of the Madurai Sultanate, a turbulent period of South Indian history. His defeat marked the end of Muslim sovereignty in the region following the&nbsp;military campaigns of Kumara Kampana, son of&nbsp;Bukka Raya I, founder of the&nbsp;Vijayanagara Empire. In&nbsp;1371 CE, Kampana’s army advanced from Gingee through Tondaimandalam and Kongudesam, defeating the Sultan’s forces at Samayavaram near Srirangam and capturing the key fortress of Kannanur Kuppam. Fakhruddin was murdered near Madurai, bringing the&nbsp;Madurai Sultanate to end and vanish&nbsp;and extending Vijayanagara’s dominion to&nbsp;Rameshwaram. <o:p></o:p>This coin witness to one of the most pivotal turning points in South Indian history — the end of Muslim rule in Tamil Nadu and the triumph of the Vijayanagara Empire.&nbsp;<o:p></o:p>A unique and historically significant discovery, offered for the first time.<o:p></o:p><o:p></o:p><o:p></o:p>

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