Note: The Mushirabad mint, referenced on this rupee, is named after Musheer ul-Mulk (Ghulam Sayyad Husain Khan), the influential Prime Minister of the Hyderabad State under Nizam Ali Khan (Asaf Jah II) from 1776 to 1804. A Shi ‘a Muslim of Persian descent, Musheer ul-Mulk built a palace and gardens at Mushirabad in 1785, on land granted as part of his Jagir.

He held great political power, forming crucial alliances with both the British and the Marathas, and played a key role in the 3^rd Anglo-Mysore War (1789–1792). In 1795, he was disgraced after offending the Marathas and was held captive in Pune until 1797. Upon his return, he resumed full authority in Hyderabad and remained in power until his death in 1804.

The AH 1217coin date corresponds to 1802 CE, falling within the final, most influential phase of his rule. Given this timeline, the coin was likely struck between 1797 and 1804, during which Musheer ul-Mulk exercised significant autonomy.

Although the coin bears the mint name Mushirabad, it is likely that the actual minting took place in Surur Nagar (“City of Happiness”) — a pleasure palace and garden complex established by Musheer ul-Mulk within his Jagir. Founded in 1785, Surur Nagar formed part of the Mushirabad estate and served as a center of administrative and personal influence for Musheer ul-Mulk. Given the symbolic features on the coin and his dominant role in Hyderabad’s governance during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, it is plausible that the mint was situated within this estate, operating under the broader jurisdiction of Mushirabad.

It is therefore plausible that the mint producing this coin was physically located in Surur Nagar, but operated under the jurisdiction of Mushirabad.

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