Note: This unpublished silver rupee from the Maktal (Makhtal) Mint represents one of the most elusive coinages of the mid-18th century Deccan. Located in present-day Narayanpet district, Maktal was likely governed by a local ruler — a feudatory under the Nizams of Hyderabad. The coin belongs to the turbulent era following the death of Asaf Jah I in 1748, when Hyderabad was torn by a succession crisis.

As the central authority weakened, regional chieftains and feudatories asserted independence by striking coins in their own names. It was during this period that a number of short-lived and obscure mints emerged — including Maktal, Medak, Amarchinta, Charikonda, Gurmatkal, Musheerabad, Tahniyatnagar, Jatprole, and others. Most of these remain unpublished, with only a few surviving specimens known today.

This coin is distinguished by its use of the rare “Sani Sahib-e-Qiran” couplet, a poetic phrase that invokes the imperial lineage of Aurangzeb, namesake and ancestor of Alamgir II. This couplet is recorded from only a handful of mints — notably Dilshadabad, Medak, and Maktal — making this specimen not only a remarkable numismatic discovery but also an important testament to the fragmented yet vibrant political landscape of the 18th-century Deccan.

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